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2010年5月5日星期三

组图:绚丽多彩的海洋生物

 
 

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组图:绚丽多彩的海洋生物
于 10-5-4 通过 译言-自然科学与技术 作者:luyue


  • Photo: A white anemone and sea star underwater

  • 001.白色海葵和海星
  • 图片来源: Jens Troeger, My Shot


  • 不列颠哥伦比亚外海域的白色海葵一直与海星为伴。海葵是无脊椎动物,有一千多个品种。它和陆地生物银莲花一样,得名于它的华丽。

Photo: A school of blue tangs near the ocean floor

002.蓝吊


图片来源: Jeff Haines, My Shot


这是一群在墨西哥附近海底游泳的成熟蓝吊。蓝吊是一种热带鱼,大量生活在加勒比海域,常常成群结队地绕着珊瑚礁游动。蓝吊成熟后,其颜色会从亮黄色转变为深蓝灰色或紫色。


Photo: A clownfish and green anemone

003.小丑鱼和海葵

图片来源: Wolcott Henry


一只呆在海葵带刺触须家中的小丑鱼。海葵的触须保护这种显眼的彩色礁居者及其鱼卵免遭入侵者伤害。出于互惠互利联盟的约束,小丑鱼一生与宿主海葵生活在一起,很少游出超过它们几米的地方。


Photo: A multicolored shrimp underwater

004.富贵虾

图片来源:Glen Weierbach, My Shot


这只超凡脱俗的富贵虾摄于印度尼西亚的蓝碧海峡海域。这种虾以能粉碎玻璃的力量粉碎猎物,并以粉碎的猎物为食。据说,它那刺人的鼓眼睛是自然界最复杂的眼睛。


Photo: A brightly colored angelfish
005.帝王神仙鱼
图片来源:Tim Laman

帝王神仙鱼以其身体和鳍上交错的强烈色彩带吸引目光。
这种独居的礁鱼常常独自或成对游荡,喜欢吃海绵和海鞘。

  • Photo: A colorful jelly and underwater plants

006.花帽水母

图片来源: e-Photography/Chijimatsu/SeaPics.com 


看起来它很迷人,不过,罕见花帽水母的紫顶尖可能会发出令人痛苦的刺。这种水母出现在巴西、阿根廷和日本南部,它的触须能够卷起,也能放开,用来捕捉小鱼和其它食物。



  • Get Wallpaper

    White Anemone and Sea Star

    Photograph by Jens Troeger, My Shot

    Thecreatures that inhabit the world’s oceans run the full spectrumof colors—often in intricate patterns, advanced camouflage, andvarying degrees of transparency.

    Here, a white sea anemone keepscompany with a sea star in the waters off British Columbia. There aremore than a thousand sea anemone species. The invertebrate takes itsname from the equally flashy terrestrial anemone flower.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Blue Tang

    Photograph by Jeff Haines, My Shot

    Adultblue tangs swim close to the ocean floor near Mexico. A species ofsurgeonfish, the blue tang is abundant in the waters of the Caribbean,often schooling around coral reefs. As they mature, the tangs' colorprogresses from bright yellow to a deep bluish-gray or purple.

  • Clownfish and Anemone

    Photograph by Wolcott Henry

    Aclownfish is at home between the stinging tentacles of an anemone,which protects the boldly colored reef dweller and its eggs fromintruders. Bound in an alliance of mutual benefit, clownfish spendtheir entire lives with their host anemones, rarely straying more thana few yards from them.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Mantis Shrimp

    Photograph by Glen Weierbach, My Shot

    Thisotherworldly creature, a mantis shrimp, was photographed in the watersof Indonesia's Lembeh Strait. The shrimp feeds by smashing open itsprey with a force that can break a pane of glass, and its dartingbulbous eyes are thought to be the most complex in nature.

  • Regal Angelfish

    Photograph by Tim Laman

    Aregal angelfish attracts the eye with alternating bands of strikingcolor on its body and fins. The solitary reef fish often travels aloneor in pairs and favors a diet of sponges and sea squirts.

Photo: A blue-and-green sea anemone

007.海葵

图片来源: Oriana Poindexter, My Shot


海葵外形与向日葵相似,貌似善良,是珊瑚虫和水母的近亲,有螫刺。它一生大部分时间都在等待经过的鱼类靠近,再用它充满毒汁的触须捕捉。

  • Get Wallpaper

    White Anemone and Sea Star

    Photograph by Jens Troeger, My Shot

    Thecreatures that inhabit the world’s oceans run the full spectrumof colors—often in intricate patterns, advanced camouflage, andvarying degrees of transparency.

    Here, a white sea anemone keepscompany with a sea star in the waters off British Columbia. There aremore than a thousand sea anemone species. The invertebrate takes itsname from the equally flashy terrestrial anemone flower.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Blue Tang

    Photograph by Jeff Haines, My Shot

    Adultblue tangs swim close to the ocean floor near Mexico. A species ofsurgeonfish, the blue tang is abundant in the waters of the Caribbean,often schooling around coral reefs. As they mature, the tangs' colorprogresses from bright yellow to a deep bluish-gray or purple.

  • Clownfish and Anemone

    Photograph by Wolcott Henry

    Aclownfish is at home between the stinging tentacles of an anemone,which protects the boldly colored reef dweller and its eggs fromintruders. Bound in an alliance of mutual benefit, clownfish spendtheir entire lives with their host anemones, rarely straying more thana few yards from them.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Mantis Shrimp

    Photograph by Glen Weierbach, My Shot

    Thisotherworldly creature, a mantis shrimp, was photographed in the watersof Indonesia's Lembeh Strait. The shrimp feeds by smashing open itsprey with a force that can break a pane of glass, and its dartingbulbous eyes are thought to be the most complex in nature.

  • Regal Angelfish

    Photograph by Tim Laman

    Aregal angelfish attracts the eye with alternating bands of strikingcolor on its body and fins. The solitary reef fish often travels aloneor in pairs and favors a diet of sponges and sea squirts.

  • Flower Hat Jelly

    Photograph by e-Photography/Chijimatsu/SeaPics.com

    Itmight be alluring, but a rare flower hat jelly’s lilac-tippedfringe can deliver a painful sting. Found off Brazil, Argentina, andsouthern Japan, the jelly’s tentacles can coil and uncoil and areused to capture small fish and other food.


  • Photo: Sea stars clinging to rock underwater


008.海星

图片来源: Paul Nicklen


海星实际上是棘皮动物,和海胆和饼海胆是近亲。世界各地的海洋中有约2000种海星。其中许多都披着眩目的色彩,为自己提供保护或警示捕食者。



  • Photo: Worms shaped like Christmas trees

009.圣诞树蠕虫

图片来源:Jean Kunzelman, My Shot


圣诞树蠕虫在珊瑚礁栖息地庇护一只虾虎鱼(左)。珊瑚礁在热带海洋清澈的浅水海岸水域生长旺盛。



Photo: A colorful mollusk in the ocean

010.条纹石鳖
图片来源:George Grall

条纹石鳖是一种软体动物,瓣膜上有彩色条纹,
条带上有白色或黄色斑点或环状物。在石鳖吃珊瑚线藻时,它的粉色背景起到了伪装作用,使它免遭捕食者伤害。

  • Photo: Underwater close-up of a parrotfish

011.鹦嘴鱼

图片来源:Mike Theiss


在世界各地的热带珊瑚礁内外生活着大量的鹦嘴鱼。它们的一生中会改变形状、颜色,甚至性别。

  • Get Wallpaper

    White Anemone and Sea Star

    Photograph by Jens Troeger, My Shot

    Thecreatures that inhabit the world’s oceans run the full spectrumof colors—often in intricate patterns, advanced camouflage, andvarying degrees of transparency.

    Here, a white sea anemone keepscompany with a sea star in the waters off British Columbia. There aremore than a thousand sea anemone species. The invertebrate takes itsname from the equally flashy terrestrial anemone flower.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Blue Tang

    Photograph by Jeff Haines, My Shot

    Adultblue tangs swim close to the ocean floor near Mexico. A species ofsurgeonfish, the blue tang is abundant in the waters of the Caribbean,often schooling around coral reefs. As they mature, the tangs' colorprogresses from bright yellow to a deep bluish-gray or purple.

  • Clownfish and Anemone

    Photograph by Wolcott Henry

    Aclownfish is at home between the stinging tentacles of an anemone,which protects the boldly colored reef dweller and its eggs fromintruders. Bound in an alliance of mutual benefit, clownfish spendtheir entire lives with their host anemones, rarely straying more thana few yards from them.

  • Get Wallpaper

    Mantis Shrimp

    Photograph by Glen Weierbach, My Shot

    Thisotherworldly creature, a mantis shrimp, was photographed in the watersof Indonesia's Lembeh Strait. The shrimp feeds by smashing open itsprey with a force that can break a pane of glass, and its dartingbulbous eyes are thought to be the most complex in nature.

  • Regal Angelfish

    Photograph by Tim Laman

    Aregal angelfish attracts the eye with alternating bands of strikingcolor on its body and fins. The solitary reef fish often travels aloneor in pairs and favors a diet of sponges and sea squirts.

  • Flower Hat Jelly

    Photograph by e-Photography/Chijimatsu/SeaPics.com

    Itmight be alluring, but a rare flower hat jelly’s lilac-tippedfringe can deliver a painful sting. Found off Brazil, Argentina, andsouthern Japan, the jelly’s tentacles can coil and uncoil and areused to capture small fish and other food.

  • Sea Anemone

    Photograph by Oriana Poindexter, My Shot

    Resemblinga sunflower, a sea anemone appears deceptively benign. A close relativeof coral and jellyfish, anemones are stinging polyps that spend most oftheir time waiting for fish to pass close enough to get ensnared intheir venom-filled tentacles.

  • Sea Stars

    Photograph by Paul Nicklen

    Popularlyknown as starfish, sea stars are actually echinoderms, closely relatedto sea urchins and sand dollars. There are some 2,000 species of seastars living in the world’s oceans, and many wear striking colorsthat provide camouflage or warn off predators.

  • Christmas Tree Worms

    Photograph by Jean Kunzelman, My Shot

    Christmastree worms shelter a goby (at left) in their coral reef habitat. Coralreefs thrive in the clear, shallow coastal waters of tropical seas.

  • Lined Chiton

    Photograph by George Grall

    Atype of mollusk, the lined chiton has colorful lines on its valves andwhite or yellow spots or bands on its girdle. The chiton’s pinkbackground camouflages it from predators as it feeds on coralline algae.


  • Photo: Two colorful sea slugs mating

012.交配中的海蛞蝓

图片来源:David Doubilet


交配中的海蛞蝓明亮鲜明的色彩向潜在的捕食者提出警告:它们的肉有毒,难吃。海蛞蝓生活在珊瑚礁和深海,具有雄性和雌性器官,能相互授精,也都能产卵。


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